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AN ORATION 


COMMEMORATIVE OF THE BIRTH-DAY 


OF 

American 3fnUcpcnUmcc, 


DELIVERED BEFORE THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIE- 

* 

TIES OF THE CITY AND COUNTY OF 
PHILADELPHIA, 


On the 4th of July, 1810. 


BY JOHN BINNS. 

H 


{published at the request of the societies.) 



Thy spirit. Independence, let me share. 
Lord of the lion-heart and eagle-eye ; 
Thy steps I follow, with my bosom bare. 



Published by C. and A. Conrad & Co. Chesnut-strect, 
and by M. Carey, Market-street. 


1810 









AN ORAfION, 

Delivered by John Binns , before the Democratic 
Societies . 

ON THE FOURTH OF JULY 1810. 

[.Published at the request of the Societies7\ 

Would to Heaven, my fellow jcitizens, that I had discharged the 
duty which your good opinion has imposed before the Declaration 
of Independence had been read. Any thing which I can urge will 
be feeble indeed if put in competition with the concise energy of 
thought, the manly detail of grievances and oppressions, and the 
determination successfully to resist or nobly to perish, which 
characterise that instrument. It is an imperishable monument 
of the talents, wisdom and patriotism of the men who guided the 
destinies of America “ in the times that tried men’s souls.” The 
reasons it advances are clear and convincing, the principles it 
advocates are founded on the rock of eternal truth, and tne tale of 
wrong and outrage with which it is filled, sinks deep into every 
heart. That no circumstance might be wanting to impress our 
minds and excite our sensibilities, our local situation is peculiarly 
interesting. Standing here on this day 34 years past, our ears 
might have been greeted by the blissful sound of the first trump 
of independence which joyed American ears. We almost breathe 
the air which that congress breathed which made the Declaration ; 
the hall in which they sat is in our sight, and if “ the spirits of just 
men made perfect” " are e’er permitted to review this world” 
the shades of the mighty dead at this moment hover over us. I 
see them in my mind’s eye. They smile benignly on their coun¬ 
trymen who are faithful to their principles, and before the throne 
of Heaven they offer up prayers for the welfare of their coun* 
try. 


[ 4 ] 

All hail to the auspicious day which declared America free, 
sovereign and independent—Ever hallowed be that on which was 
first proclaimed the equal rights of man—Sacred in the annals of 
humanity, be the holy day which provided an asylum for the 
persecuted and oppressed from every clime—and may no evil 
ever befal mankind on that blessed day when the demon of intole¬ 
rance was bound in chains of adamant and the temples of the living 
God thrown open wide to receive the homage of all his rational 
creatures. “ This day shall ne’er go by from this day unto the 
“ ending of the world” without grateful, public and national remem¬ 
brances of the sages and heroes of ’76 and the hearts of millions yet 
unborn shall overflow with thankfulness and thanksgiving to that 
Almighty Being who crowned with conquest the cause of “ Virtue 
Liberty and Independence.” There floats the banner of our coun¬ 
try with that honored motto—never may it be unfurled in the 
cause of injustice—ever, as now, may it proudly wave over freemen 
and gallant volunteers ;* and ever, as in the struggle for indepen¬ 
dence may the Eagle of victory be perched upon its standard. 

Three centuries have rolled down the flood of time since the 
adventurous Columbus discovered the shores of the New World. 
Every fact in its annals is interesting ; every page of its history 
pregnant with information, but we cannot now even sip their 
sweets. We must rapidly hasten to more modern times. The 
struggles in Great Britain in the 17th Century between the Per¬ 
secutor and the Persecuted were long and sanguinary and led to 
the most memorable events. Many independent-minded, con- 
sciencious individuals disgusted, unsafe and unhappy in England 
resolved to brave the dangers of the seas, abandon the tombs of 
their ancestors and the friends of their youth and encounter all the 
hardships incident to the settlement of a new and unknown coun¬ 
try, inhabited by untutored savages rather than remain in their 
native land and be compelled to submit their persons, their pro¬ 
perties, nay their very opinions and beliefs to the caprice of Des¬ 
pots. They embarked and safely landed on the shores of North 
America. From them and from succeeding emigrants from 
various climes have sprung the millions of people who now inhabit 
the United States and who have literally “ made the wilderness to 
blossom as the rose.’” 


* Capt. Vogdes* Volunteer Company of Infantry were present when the 
Oration was delivered. 





C 5 3 

The hardships endured, the battles fought and the difficulties 
overcome by the first settlers were many and obstinate. After 
the lapse of a century and a half, the colonies waxed strong and 
rich and the mother country viewed their riches and their 
strength with an avaricious and a jealous eye. They had fought 
her battles; they had conquered her enemies ; they had poured 
their wealth into her lap, yet was she not satisfied so long as she 
did not “ Lord it uncontroll’d” over the land. She was ever de¬ 
vising means to obtain an absolute dominion and at length insisted 
upon the right to tax the American Colonies, without their con¬ 
sent, in all cases whatsoever. This pretension was nobly and suc¬ 
cessfully resisted and it is to celebrate that glorious epoch in the 
history of man, we this day assemble. 

In the present uncertainties and overturnings ot the world and 
in the dangers which threaten the nations of the earth that will not 
bow down to the Tyrant of the Ocean or the Tyrant of the Land, it 
may not be unprofitable to enquire what was the situation of the 
United Colonies and of Great Britain, when “ all political connec¬ 
tion” between them was declared to be “ totally dissolved.’* 
Such a retrospect, though brief, must inspire Courage and Confi¬ 
dence by impressing conviction that “ the battle is not always to 
u the strong nor the race to the swift.” He who delivered the 
Shepherd’s boy from the gigantic Goliah will not deliver his 
chosen people into the hands of the Philistines, neither will He 
suffer them to be made u hewers of wood and drawers of water’* 
to the Egyptians. 

In the hour of peril the Colonies were of immense extent, sur¬ 
rounded by the dominions of Great Britain : thinly populated and 
vulnerable in almost every point: the people were undisciplined, 
ill-provided with arms and without ammunition or military stores. 
They had no riches with which to bribe, nor had they allies with 
whom to make common cause : all they had was « a firm reliance 
“ upon the protection of Divine Providence,” a righteous cause, 
vigorous arms and dauntless hearts. 

Who was the oppressor with whom they determined to conflict ? 
A power that could arm, discipline, equip and transport hither 
not only its own armies, but hosts of “ foreign mercenaries”—a 
power that could « bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the 
“ merciless Indian Savage whose known rule of warfare is an un- 
“ distinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions”—- 


[ 6 ] 

A power that could “ plunder our seas, ravage "our coasts, burn 
“ our towns, and destroy the lives of our people,” whose Navy 
rode triumphant upon the waters of the earth—whose subjects 
abroad were more numerous, by uncounted millions, than its sub¬ 
jects at home, who engrossed the commerce of the West and 
monopolized the treasures of the East. 

Such was the disproportionate state of population, arms and re¬ 
sources, when the sword was drawn by the men of America, and 
they went forth to fight for their dearest rights, their homes and 
firesides, determined to conquer or die. The result has proved 
how feeble and inefficient, 


“ are fifty, 

Nay, a thousand slaves, opposed to the sinew 

Of a single arm that strikes for Liberty V* 

Gages Proclamation of Military Law—the murders at Lexington 
—the battle of Bunker’s hill—-tne burnings of Ciiariestown and 
Falmouth—the appointment of the illustrious George Washington 
as commander in chief—the taking of Montreal by Montgomery, 
and the death of that gallant hero at Quebec, were all among the me¬ 
morable events of the year *75. But these events, highly import¬ 
ant as they were, were only the precursors of one infinitely more 
momentous—one in comparison to which all the preceding were 
but as isolated rays to the dazzling splendor of the meridian orb of 
day. Then it was that the glorious Sun of Independence beamed 
upon the western world, that sun which even now warms us amid 
the convulsions, wreck and rum which have overwhelmed, benight¬ 
ed or blotted from the map many great and powerful kingdoms., 
It was on the never-to-be-forgotten, ever-to-be-held-sacred, fourth 
day of July 1776, that Congress “ in the name and by the autho- 
11 rity of the people” did “ publish and declare that these United 
t( Colonies are, and of right ought to be, Free and Independent 
t( States. * Here let us pause my fellow citizens, and in the pre¬ 
sent unexampled and calamitous state of the world, with uplifted 
hands and sincere hearts, here under the wide-spread canopy of 
heaven, and in the presence of “ Divine Providence, mutually 
“ pledge” to our country and “ to each other, our lives, our fortunes 
“ and our sacred honors” to maintain the Independence of these 
United States, against any, all, and every, Power or Powers which 
injustice, hatred or despotism may array against them. 


[ 7 3 

It would be gratifying and profitable, if time permitted, to touch 
upon the dreadful conflicts maintained, the well-fought battles 
won, and the hardships and privations suffered before the haughty 
mistress of the ocean, was so far humbled as to acknowledge, by 
her own act and deed, in 1783, the United Colonies to be « Free, 
M Sovereign and Independent States.” The fields of Bennington 
and Monmouth, the Cowpens and Stony-Point, are bright pages in 
our history, and will stimulate republican America to future deeds 
of prowess and of glory. The surrender of Burgoyne and the 
capture of Cornwallis are full of proud recollections. The names 
of Warren , Montgomery , and Camfibelly who gloriously died that 
we might live free and happy, will long be dear to every lover of 
his country. Washington and Green ; Gates and Stark ; Sumfiter 
and Morgan , and many other valiant commanders will live not 
only in the annals of their country but in the hearts of their coun¬ 
trymen for ages yet to come. Let us cherish the memories of 
Franklin and Dickenson; Henry and Randol/ih; Hancock and 
Adams , and other good and wise men who devoted their anxious 
days and sleepless nights to consummate the independence of 
their country, but above all, upon this day let us do homage to the 
talents and virtues of Thomas Jefferson— that Thomas Jefferson 
who draughted the Declaration of Independence, and who has on 
so many occasions, rendered to his country the most valuable ser¬ 
vices. 

Let not, however, the feats of heroism, nor the plans of wis¬ 
dom and patriotism claim all our grateful recollections ; let the 
privates in the ranks be remembered. Paulding , Williams , and 
Vanvert , are the names of poor and lowly peasants, whose hum¬ 
ble dwelling a ray of science had never lighted, but in their hearts 
honor sat enthroned, integrity beat in all their pulsations, and 
their labor-hardened hands were pure as the waters of innocency 
could make them. To their country they faithfully did their duty, 
may that country as faithfully do its duty towards them, by incul¬ 
cating their principles and walking in their steps. Of such men 
as Paulding, Williams, and Vanvert, Grece and Rome would have 
been proud in their proudest days ! Many a gallant fellow perish¬ 
ed in the struggle, whose name is unrecorded, and who never had 
even his « passing paragraph of praise.” Peace to their honest 
souls ! comfort and competence to their families and friends I— 
There are thousands yet alive, there are many among my audi¬ 
ence, who can « strip their sleeves and show their scars and say, 


[ 8 3 

“ these wounds I had in my country’s cause.” May the pillow 
of tranquility press their cheek, may they know neither sickness 
nor sorrow, and smooth be their passage to the silent tomb. 

Having cheerfully paid our mite of gratitude and praise to 
those who have done signal services to their country, let us rapidly 
enquire ; what is our situation now, compared with what it would 
have been had not independence been established; what is our 
present situation, compared with that of the other civilized na¬ 
tions of the globe ; and what is our situation as to the belligerents ? 

Had we remained under the galling yoke of Britain, it 
would have been annually made more and more grievous and bur- 
thensome. If we are asked for facts in support of this opinion we 
turn to the East Indies and to the West, and we point to the brave 
and generous sons of Erin bending beneath the weight. Their 
miseries and sufferings would have been ours, for our task-mas¬ 
ters would have been the same ; what those are may be judged of 
from the description given by the super-humanly eloquent Curran 
in an address to an Irish jury who must have known the facts. 

“ Merciful God, said he, what is the state of Ireland and where 
“ shall you find the wretched inhabitant of this land? You may 
“ find him perhaps in a jail, the only place of security, I had al- 
K most said of ordinary habitation : you may see him flying be- 
“ fore the conflagration of his own dwelling, or you may find his 
“ bones bleaching on the green fields of his country, or he may 
“ be found tossing upon the surface of the ocean and mingling 
“ his groans with those tempests, less savage than his persecutors, 
“ that drift him to a returnless distance from his family and his 
“ home.” What a melancholy picture is this, yet such would 
doubtless have been a faithful sketch of the American colonies, 
had they remained subject to Great Britain. Their substance 
would have been wasted in her liberticidal wars ; that so much 
boasted blessing a National Debt would have pressed heavy upon 
us ; our would-be nobles and u the best blood” of England would 
riotiously squander in luxury and vice the money which would 
have been wrung from the hard hand of the Farmer and the wake¬ 
ful eye of the Mechanic. She would have made her subjects 
« captains over thousands and captains over fifties,” and the sons 
of Columbia would have fallen in the ranks with other slaves, 
fighting in the cause of despotism. We gratefully acknowlege 
and proudly rejoice that those evils have been averted and put far 
from us. 


C 9 3 

The fairest portions of Europe have, for nearly twenty years, 
been desolated by war, depopulated by famine and their inhabi¬ 
tants drinking deep of the cup of misery, while, within these Uni¬ 
ted States, we have enjoyed the countless blessings of peace and 
plenty every man reposing under his fig tree and vine and none 
to make him afraid. Those nations upon which the light of liber¬ 
ty had gleamed, are again enveloped in the thick darkness of des¬ 
potism, whilst we, a highly-favored people, are progressing in all 
useful knowlege, and are rich in the enjoyment of freedom, civil, 
religious and political. 

We are the only nation in the world who interfere not with the 
sacred rights of conscience—we are the only people who have 
established and enjoy a government founded on the equal rights of 
man—we are the only people who at regular and frequent periods 
of time by the exercise of a peaceful act of sovereignty elect our 
public functionaries from the highest to the lowest—and we are 
the only people who can produce a constitution which defines the 
power of all the constituted authorities ; guarantees “ the freedom 
of speech and of the press” and « the right of the people to keep 
and bear arras.” These my fellow citizens are high and lofty 
attainments which are the legitimate offspring of that eventful 
day whose annual return we this day celebrate. If there be a 
man from New Hampshire to Georgia, from the Atlantic to the 
Lakes, whose bosom does not expand with pride at those sub¬ 
lime distinctions, he is a most unworthy citizen and a most thank¬ 
less man. 

The only drop of affliction which falls into our national cup is 
from the gore-dripping hands of the belligerents. So insatiate is 
their vengeance, so thirsty their malice and so blind their fury 
that they think not of the hecatombs they have offered up—the 
rivers of tears they have caused to flow—nor of the desolation they 
have spread abroad. Justice aud truth, law and treaty, are, with¬ 
out hesitancy, sacrificed, if by the sacrifice either of the hostile 
powers hope to prostrate the other ; hence, our rights have been 
sported with—our property seized—our laws mocked at—our 
citizens imprisoned, impressed and murdered—our national flag 
has been bathed in our own waters made red with the blood of our 
citizens—our wrongs are unredressed—our injuries unatoned—■ 
solemn arrangements have been faithlessly given to the wind— 
oar credulity laughed at—and our government insulted grossly. 


[ 10 3 

Gracious God what have we not borne —how have we not for¬ 
borne ! I should weep and ye would weep with me if I were to 
give utterance to the feelings of my soul. Think not that I would 
allude to the great and mighty indignities which with an unspar¬ 
ing hand have been heaped upon us—think not that I would even 
hint at the millions of which we have been plundered, they would 
be but as dross in my eyes. Ah no ! I would suppose a single faith¬ 
ful American citize n after a long and tedious voyage in which he 
had braved many a storm and had many a hair’s breath ’scape to 
have come within sight of his beloved country aud almost of « his 
“ own home and wife and little ones, who by his labor lived.” 
With an impatient anxiousness he paces the deck then whistles 
gaily to the wind to blow briskly and swiftly waft him to the shore. 
Fond recollections rush upon his mind and while “ his manly 
heart overflows e’en like a child” a ruffian band board his ship, 
and with savage violence drag him to their floating dungeon and 
there “ chain him, and task him, and exact his sweat with stripes,” 
yes my fellow citizens, with stripes and thus compel him to do the 
work and fight the battles of a foreign tyrant. He fights, he 
falls. 


** Alas ! 

“ Nor wife, nor children more shall he behold, 

“ Nor friend, nor sacred home.” 

A widow and helpless Orphans mourn his hapless fate and call 
upon his countrymen, you, his countrymen, to revenge his wrongs. 
Is this a fancy picture ? oris it mere dull, too oft-repeated matter 
of fact ? Let the documents in your public offices answer the 
inquiry ! Let the groans of thousands of Americans who drag on 
a miserable existence on board British ships of war bear disgrace¬ 
ful testimony to the damning facts 1 

Fellow Citizens , I regret that I should even for a moment, 
overshadow your countenances upon this National Jubilee, but 
I owed it to truth and to you not only to touch upon what we have 
been but also upon what we are. Let us, though it be with tearful 
eyes and indignant hearts, still let us look our situation fearlessly 
in the face. There is no cause to fear. Deep be buried in the 
earth, every prejudice and every prepossession which could alien¬ 
ate one atom of our affection from our country. By our voices 
and our votes, let us secure ( the election of faithful, capable and 


C 11 3 

patriotic magistrates and legislators, but let neither voice be 
heard, nor vote be given, in favor of any man who is friendly to 
any foreign unjust nation. A truly National American spirit 
must be fostered, one which will neither brook indignity nor sub¬ 
mit to outrage. We must know none as friends who are not the 
friends of America. Have we not all the causes and all the 
motives which can unite a people ? We have a constitution, a go¬ 
vernment and a country that are worth rallying round and de¬ 
fending at the hazard of all that’s dear in life, nay life itself. 
Should the disturbers of the world’s peace come hither, “ Fear 
“ not their multitude, neither be ye afraid of their assault. Call 
“ to remembrance what acts our father’s did in their time. We 
“ fight for our lives and our laws. Wherefore the Lord himself 
“ will overthrow them before our face, and as for you, be ye not 
“ afraid.” 

** Remember, O my friends ! The Laws, the Rights, 

“ The gen’rous plan of power delivered down 
* ( From age to age, by your renown’d forefathers, 

«* So dearly bought—the price of so much blood: 

“ Oh, never let it perish in your hands ! 

“ But piously transmit it to your children. 

** Do thou great Liberty, inspire our souls 
** And make our lives in thy possession happy 
ft Or our deaths glorious in thy just defence.” 



































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